Testing Blog
Android Platform Testing Made Easy
Tuesday, January 15, 2019
By Simran Basi, Dan Shi, Dan Willemsen, and Clay Murphy
Android Engineering Productivity (Android EngProd) seeks to ease development of the Android operating system for the entire ecosystem. Android EngProd creates tools, processes, and documentation aimed at Android platform development. We are now starting to push the best previously internal development infrastructure into the open for all to benefit.
Although comprehensive, the
Android Compatibility Test Suite
(CTS) and
Trade Federation Test Harness
can be unwieldy to configure. So we recently publicly released new tooling and associated docs that simplify device configuration and testing in the form of the
Soong build system
replacing Make,
Test Mapping
for easy configs, and
Atest
to run tests locally.
Configuring tests in Soong builds
The
Soong build system
was introduced in Android 8.0 (Oreo) to eventually replace the Make-based system (i.e.
Android.mk
files) used in previous releases. Soong allows
simple build configuration
with support for
android_test
declarations arriving in Android Q, now available in the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) master branch.
Soong uses
Android.bp
files, which are JSON-like simple declarative descriptions of modules to build. Here is an example test configuration in Soong, from:
/platform_testing/tests/example/instrumentation/Android.bp
android_test {
name: "HelloWorldTests",
srcs: ["src/**/*.java"],
sdk_version: "current",
static_libs: ["android-support-test"],
certificate: "platform",
test_suites: ["device-tests"],
}
Note the
android_test
declaration at the beginning indicates this is a test. Including
android_app
instead would conversely indicate this is a build package.
Complex test configuration
options still exist for test modules requiring customized setup and tear down that cannot be performed within the test case itself.
Mapping tests in the source tree
Test Mapping
allows developers to create pre- and post-submit test rules directly in the Android source tree and leave the decisions of branches and devices to be tested to the test infrastructure itself. Test Mapping definitions are JSON files named
TEST_MAPPING
that can be placed in any source directory.
Test Mapping categorizes tests via a
test group
. The name of a test group can be any string. For example,
presubmit
can be for a group of tests to run when validating changes. And
postsubmit
tests can be used to validate the builds after changes are merged.
For the directory requiring test coverage, simply add a
TEST_MAPPING
JSON file resembling the example below. These rules will ensure the tests run in presubmit checks when any files are touched in that directory or any of its subdirectories.
Here is a sample
TEST_MAPPING
file:
{
"presubmit": [
{
"name": "CtsAccessibilityServiceTestCases",
"options": [
{
"include-annotation": "android.platform.test.annotations.Presubmit"
}
]
}
],
"postsubmit": [
{
"name": "CtsWindowManagerDeviceTestCases"
}
],
"imports": [
{
"path": "frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/am"
}
]
}
Running tests locally with Atest
Atest
is a command line tool that allows developers to build, install, and run Android tests locally, greatly speeding test re-runs without requiring knowledge of
Trade Federation Test Harness
command line options.
Atest commands take the following form:
atest [optional-arguments] test-to-run
You can run one or more tests by separating test references with spaces, like so:
atest test-to-run-1 test-to-run-2
To run an entire test module, use its module name. Input the name as it appears in the
LOCAL_MODULE
or
LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME
variables in that test's
Android.mk
or
Android.bp
file.
For example:
atest FrameworksServicesTests
atest CtsJankDeviceTestCases
Discovering tests with Atest and TEST MAPPING
Atest and TEST MAPPING work together to solve the problem of test discovery, i.e. what tests need to be run when a directory of code is edited. For example, to execute all presubmit test rules for a given directory locally:
Go to the directory containing the
TEST_MAPPING
file.
Run the command:
atest
All presubmit tests configured in the
TEST_MAPPING
files of the current directory and its parent directories are run. Atest will locate and run two tests for presubmit.
Finding more testing documentation
Further, introductory testing documents were published on
source.android.com
to support Soong and platform testing in general:
Android Platform Testing
Test Development Workflow
Simple Test Configuration
Instrumentation Tests
Native Tests
JAR (Java) Host Tests
In addition to exposing more testing documentation, Android has recently opened up build infrastructure to monitor submissions through
ci.android.com
. See the
More visibility into the Android Open Source Project
blog post and the
Continuous Integration Dashboard
for instructions on viewing build status and downloading build artifacts.
Android EngProd endeavors to bring you more previously internal-only features to make your life easier. Watch this
Google Testing Blog
, the
Android Developers Blog
, and
source.android.com
for future enhancements.
2 comments
Labels
TotT
102
GTAC
61
James Whittaker
42
Misko Hevery
32
Code Health
30
Anthony Vallone
27
Patrick Copeland
23
Jobs
18
Andrew Trenk
13
C++
11
Patrik Höglund
8
JavaScript
7
Allen Hutchison
6
George Pirocanac
6
Zhanyong Wan
6
Harry Robinson
5
Java
5
Julian Harty
5
Adam Bender
4
Alberto Savoia
4
Ben Yu
4
Erik Kuefler
4
Philip Zembrod
4
Shyam Seshadri
4
Chrome
3
Dillon Bly
3
John Thomas
3
Lesley Katzen
3
Marc Kaplan
3
Markus Clermont
3
Max Kanat-Alexander
3
Sonal Shah
3
APIs
2
Abhishek Arya
2
Alan Myrvold
2
Alek Icev
2
Android
2
April Fools
2
Chaitali Narla
2
Chris Lewis
2
Chrome OS
2
Diego Salas
2
Dori Reuveni
2
Jason Arbon
2
Jochen Wuttke
2
Kostya Serebryany
2
Marc Eaddy
2
Marko Ivanković
2
Mobile
2
Oliver Chang
2
Simon Stewart
2
Stefan Kennedy
2
Test Flakiness
2
Titus Winters
2
Tony Voellm
2
WebRTC
2
Yiming Sun
2
Yvette Nameth
2
Zuri Kemp
2
Aaron Jacobs
1
Adam Porter
1
Adam Raider
1
Adel Saoud
1
Alan Faulkner
1
Alex Eagle
1
Amy Fu
1
Anantha Keesara
1
Antoine Picard
1
App Engine
1
Ari Shamash
1
Arif Sukoco
1
Benjamin Pick
1
Bob Nystrom
1
Bruce Leban
1
Carlos Arguelles
1
Carlos Israel Ortiz García
1
Cathal Weakliam
1
Christopher Semturs
1
Clay Murphy
1
Dagang Wei
1
Dan Maksimovich
1
Dan Shi
1
Dan Willemsen
1
Dave Chen
1
Dave Gladfelter
1
David Bendory
1
David Mandelberg
1
Derek Snyder
1
Diego Cavalcanti
1
Dmitry Vyukov
1
Eduardo Bravo Ortiz
1
Ekaterina Kamenskaya
1
Elliott Karpilovsky
1
Elliotte Rusty Harold
1
Espresso
1
Felipe Sodré
1
Francois Aube
1
Gene Volovich
1
Google+
1
Goran Petrovic
1
Goranka Bjedov
1
Hank Duan
1
Havard Rast Blok
1
Hongfei Ding
1
Jason Elbaum
1
Jason Huggins
1
Jay Han
1
Jeff Hoy
1
Jeff Listfield
1
Jessica Tomechak
1
Jim Reardon
1
Joe Allan Muharsky
1
Joel Hynoski
1
John Micco
1
John Penix
1
Jonathan Rockway
1
Jonathan Velasquez
1
Josh Armour
1
Julie Ralph
1
Kai Kent
1
Kanu Tewary
1
Karin Lundberg
1
Kaue Silveira
1
Kevin Bourrillion
1
Kevin Graney
1
Kirkland
1
Kurt Alfred Kluever
1
Manjusha Parvathaneni
1
Marek Kiszkis
1
Marius Latinis
1
Mark Ivey
1
Mark Manley
1
Mark Striebeck
1
Matt Lowrie
1
Meredith Whittaker
1
Michael Bachman
1
Michael Klepikov
1
Mike Aizatsky
1
Mike Wacker
1
Mona El Mahdy
1
Noel Yap
1
Palak Bansal
1
Patricia Legaspi
1
Per Jacobsson
1
Peter Arrenbrecht
1
Peter Spragins
1
Phil Norman
1
Phil Rollet
1
Pooja Gupta
1
Project Showcase
1
Radoslav Vasilev
1
Rajat Dewan
1
Rajat Jain
1
Rich Martin
1
Richard Bustamante
1
Roshan Sembacuttiaratchy
1
Ruslan Khamitov
1
Sam Lee
1
Sean Jordan
1
Sharon Zhou
1
Shiva Garg
1
Siddartha Janga
1
Simran Basi
1
Stan Chan
1
Stephen Ng
1
Tejas Shah
1
Test Analytics
1
Test Engineer
1
Tim Lyakhovetskiy
1
Tom O'Neill
1
Vojta Jína
1
automation
1
dead code
1
iOS
1
mutation testing
1
Archive
►
2024
(13)
►
Dec
(1)
►
Oct
(1)
►
Sep
(1)
►
Aug
(1)
►
Jul
(1)
►
May
(3)
►
Apr
(3)
►
Mar
(1)
►
Feb
(1)
►
2023
(14)
►
Dec
(2)
►
Nov
(2)
►
Oct
(5)
►
Sep
(3)
►
Aug
(1)
►
Apr
(1)
►
2022
(2)
►
Feb
(2)
►
2021
(3)
►
Jun
(1)
►
Apr
(1)
►
Mar
(1)
►
2020
(8)
►
Dec
(2)
►
Nov
(1)
►
Oct
(1)
►
Aug
(2)
►
Jul
(1)
►
May
(1)
▼
2019
(4)
►
Dec
(1)
►
Nov
(1)
►
Jul
(1)
▼
Jan
(1)
Android Platform Testing Made Easy
►
2018
(7)
►
Nov
(1)
►
Sep
(1)
►
Jul
(1)
►
Jun
(2)
►
May
(1)
►
Feb
(1)
►
2017
(17)
►
Dec
(1)
►
Nov
(1)
►
Oct
(1)
►
Sep
(1)
►
Aug
(1)
►
Jul
(2)
►
Jun
(2)
►
May
(3)
►
Apr
(2)
►
Feb
(1)
►
Jan
(2)
►
2016
(15)
►
Dec
(1)
►
Nov
(2)
►
Oct
(1)
►
Sep
(2)
►
Aug
(1)
►
Jun
(2)
►
May
(3)
►
Apr
(1)
►
Mar
(1)
►
Feb
(1)
►
2015
(14)
►
Dec
(1)
►
Nov
(1)
►
Oct
(2)
►
Aug
(1)
►
Jun
(1)
►
May
(2)
►
Apr
(2)
►
Mar
(1)
►
Feb
(1)
►
Jan
(2)
►
2014
(24)
►
Dec
(2)
►
Nov
(1)
►
Oct
(2)
►
Sep
(2)
►
Aug
(2)
►
Jul
(3)
►
Jun
(3)
►
May
(2)
►
Apr
(2)
►
Mar
(2)
►
Feb
(1)
►
Jan
(2)
►
2013
(16)
►
Dec
(1)
►
Nov
(1)
►
Oct
(1)
►
Aug
(2)
►
Jul
(1)
►
Jun
(2)
►
May
(2)
►
Apr
(2)
►
Mar
(2)
►
Jan
(2)
►
2012
(11)
►
Dec
(1)
►
Nov
(2)
►
Oct
(3)
►
Sep
(1)
►
Aug
(4)
►
2011
(39)
►
Nov
(2)
►
Oct
(5)
►
Sep
(2)
►
Aug
(4)
►
Jul
(2)
►
Jun
(5)
►
May
(4)
►
Apr
(3)
►
Mar
(4)
►
Feb
(5)
►
Jan
(3)
►
2010
(37)
►
Dec
(3)
►
Nov
(3)
►
Oct
(4)
►
Sep
(8)
►
Aug
(3)
►
Jul
(3)
►
Jun
(2)
►
May
(2)
►
Apr
(3)
►
Mar
(3)
►
Feb
(2)
►
Jan
(1)
►
2009
(54)
►
Dec
(3)
►
Nov
(2)
►
Oct
(3)
►
Sep
(5)
►
Aug
(4)
►
Jul
(15)
►
Jun
(8)
►
May
(3)
►
Apr
(2)
►
Feb
(5)
►
Jan
(4)
►
2008
(75)
►
Dec
(6)
►
Nov
(8)
►
Oct
(9)
►
Sep
(8)
►
Aug
(9)
►
Jul
(9)
►
Jun
(6)
►
May
(6)
►
Apr
(4)
►
Mar
(4)
►
Feb
(4)
►
Jan
(2)
►
2007
(41)
►
Oct
(6)
►
Sep
(5)
►
Aug
(3)
►
Jul
(2)
►
Jun
(2)
►
May
(2)
►
Apr
(7)
►
Mar
(5)
►
Feb
(5)
►
Jan
(4)
Feed
Follow @googletesting